scolapasta_string_escape/literal.rs
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use core::fmt;
use core::iter::FusedIterator;
use core::slice;
use core::str;
/// Returns whether the given [`char`] has an ASCII literal escape code.
///
/// Control characters in the range `0x00..=0x1F`, `"`, `\` and `DEL` have
/// non-trivial escapes.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use core::char::REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER;
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::ascii_char_with_escape;
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape('\0'), Some(r"\x00"));
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape('\n'), Some(r"\n"));
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape('"'), Some(r#"\""#));
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape('\\'), Some(r"\\"));
///
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape('a'), None);
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape('Z'), None);
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape(';'), None);
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape('💎'), None);
/// assert_eq!(ascii_char_with_escape(REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER), None);
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub const fn ascii_char_with_escape(ch: char) -> Option<&'static str> {
if !ch.is_ascii() {
return None;
}
let [ascii_byte, ..] = (ch as u32).to_le_bytes();
let escape = Literal::debug_escape(ascii_byte);
if escape.len() > 1 {
Some(escape)
} else {
None
}
}
/// Iterator of Ruby debug escape sequences for a byte.
///
/// This iterator's item type is [`char`].
///
/// Non-printable bytes like `0xFF` or `0x0C` are escaped to `\xFF` or `\f`.
///
/// ASCII printable characters are passed through as is unless they are `"` or
/// `\` since these fields are used to delimit strings and escape sequences.
///
/// # Usage notes
///
/// This iterator operates on individual bytes, which makes it unsuitable for
/// debug printing a conventionally UTF-8 byte string on its own. See
/// [`format_debug_escape_into`] to debug format an entire byte string.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Printable ASCII characters are passed through unescaped:
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::Literal;
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'a');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), "a");
///
/// let literal = Literal::from(b';');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), ";");
/// ```
///
/// `"` and `\` are escaped:
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::Literal;
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'"');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), r#"\""#);
///
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'\\');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), r"\\");
/// ```
///
/// ASCII control characters are escaped:
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::Literal;
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'\0');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), r"\x00");
///
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'\x0A');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), r"\n");
///
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'\x0C');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), r"\f");
///
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'\x7F');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), r"\x7F");
/// ```
///
/// UTF-8 invalid bytes are escaped:
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::Literal;
/// let literal = Literal::from(b'\xFF');
/// assert_eq!(literal.collect::<String>(), r"\xFF");
/// ```
///
/// [`format_debug_escape_into`]: crate::format_debug_escape_into
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
#[must_use = "this `Literal` is an `Iterator`, which should be consumed if constructed"]
pub struct Literal(slice::Iter<'static, u8>);
impl Default for Literal {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::empty()
}
}
impl Literal {
/// Create an empty literal iterator.
///
/// The returned `Literal` always yields [`None`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::Literal;
///
/// let mut literal = Literal::empty();
/// assert_eq!(literal.as_str(), "");
/// assert_eq!(literal.next(), None);
/// ```
pub fn empty() -> Self {
Literal(b"".iter())
}
/// Views the underlying data as a subslice of the original data.
///
/// This has `'static` lifetime, and so the iterator can continue to be used
/// while this exists.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::Literal;
/// let mut literal = Literal::from(b'\0');
///
/// assert_eq!(literal.as_str(), r"\x00");
/// literal.next();
/// assert_eq!(literal.as_str(), "x00");
/// literal.next();
/// literal.next();
/// assert_eq!(literal.as_str(), "0");
/// literal.next();
/// assert_eq!(literal.as_str(), "");
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub fn as_str(&self) -> &'static str {
str::from_utf8(self.0.as_slice()).unwrap_or_default()
}
/// Return the debug escape code for the given byte.
///
/// Debug escapes can be hex escapes (`\xFF`), control character escapes
/// (`\e`), or escape sequences for debug printing (`\"` or `\\`).
///
/// Printable ASCII characters that do not have escape sequences are passed
/// through untouched.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::Literal;
/// assert_eq!(Literal::debug_escape(255), r"\xFF");
/// assert_eq!(Literal::debug_escape(0x1B), r"\e");
/// assert_eq!(Literal::debug_escape(b'"'), r#"\""#);
/// assert_eq!(Literal::debug_escape(b'\\'), r"\\");
/// assert_eq!(Literal::debug_escape(b'a'), "a");
/// ```
#[must_use]
pub const fn debug_escape(byte: u8) -> &'static str {
// Some control character bytes escape to non-hex literals:
//
// ```console
// [2.6.3] > :"\x00"
// => :"\x00"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x01"
// => :"\x01"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x02"
// => :"\x02"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x03"
// => :"\x03"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x04"
// => :"\x04"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x05"
// => :"\x05"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x06"
// => :"\x06"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x07"
// => :"\a"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x08"
// => :"\b"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x09"
// => :"\t"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x0A"
// => :"\n"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x0B"
// => :"\v"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x0C"
// => :"\f"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x0D"
// => :"\r"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x0E"
// => :"\x0E"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x0F"
// => :"\x0F"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x10"
// => :"\x10"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x11"
// => :"\x11"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x12"
// => :"\x12"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x13"
// => :"\x13"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x14"
// => :"\x14"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x15"
// => :"\x15"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x16"
// => :"\x16"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x17"
// => :"\x17"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x18"
// => :"\x18"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x19"
// => :"\x19"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x1A"
// => :"\x1A"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x1B"
// => :"\e"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x1C"
// => :"\x1C"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x1D"
// => :"\x1D"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x1E"
// => :"\x1E"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x1F"
// => :"\x1F"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x20"
// => :" "
// [2.6.3] > '"'.ord
// => 34
// [2.6.3] > '"'.ord.to_s(16)
// => "22"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x22"
// => :"\""
// [2.6.3] > '\\'.ord
// => 92
// [2.6.3] > '\\'.ord.to_s(16)
// => "5c"
// [2.6.3] > :"\x5C"
// => :"\\"
// ```
#[rustfmt::skip]
const TABLE: [&str; 256] = [
r"\x00", r"\x01", r"\x02", r"\x03", r"\x04", r"\x05", r"\x06", r"\a",
r"\b", r"\t", r"\n", r"\v", r"\f", r"\r", r"\x0E", r"\x0F",
r"\x10", r"\x11", r"\x12", r"\x13", r"\x14", r"\x15", r"\x16", r"\x17",
r"\x18", r"\x19", r"\x1A", r"\e", r"\x1C", r"\x1D", r"\x1E", r"\x1F",
" ", "!", r#"\""#, "#", "$", "%", "&", "'",
"(", ")", "*", "+", ",", "-", ".", "/",
"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7",
"8", "9", ":", ";", "<", "=", ">", "?",
"@", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G",
"H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O",
"P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W",
"X", "Y", "Z", "[", r"\\", "]", "^", "_",
"`", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g",
"h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o",
"p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w",
"x", "y", "z", "{", "|", "}", "~", r"\x7F",
r"\x80", r"\x81", r"\x82", r"\x83", r"\x84", r"\x85", r"\x86", r"\x87",
r"\x88", r"\x89", r"\x8A", r"\x8B", r"\x8C", r"\x8D", r"\x8E", r"\x8F",
r"\x90", r"\x91", r"\x92", r"\x93", r"\x94", r"\x95", r"\x96", r"\x97",
r"\x98", r"\x99", r"\x9A", r"\x9B", r"\x9C", r"\x9D", r"\x9E", r"\x9F",
r"\xA0", r"\xA1", r"\xA2", r"\xA3", r"\xA4", r"\xA5", r"\xA6", r"\xA7",
r"\xA8", r"\xA9", r"\xAA", r"\xAB", r"\xAC", r"\xAD", r"\xAE", r"\xAF",
r"\xB0", r"\xB1", r"\xB2", r"\xB3", r"\xB4", r"\xB5", r"\xB6", r"\xB7",
r"\xB8", r"\xB9", r"\xBA", r"\xBB", r"\xBC", r"\xBD", r"\xBE", r"\xBF",
r"\xC0", r"\xC1", r"\xC2", r"\xC3", r"\xC4", r"\xC5", r"\xC6", r"\xC7",
r"\xC8", r"\xC9", r"\xCA", r"\xCB", r"\xCC", r"\xCD", r"\xCE", r"\xCF",
r"\xD0", r"\xD1", r"\xD2", r"\xD3", r"\xD4", r"\xD5", r"\xD6", r"\xD7",
r"\xD8", r"\xD9", r"\xDA", r"\xDB", r"\xDC", r"\xDD", r"\xDE", r"\xDF",
r"\xE0", r"\xE1", r"\xE2", r"\xE3", r"\xE4", r"\xE5", r"\xE6", r"\xE7",
r"\xE8", r"\xE9", r"\xEA", r"\xEB", r"\xEC", r"\xED", r"\xEE", r"\xEF",
r"\xF0", r"\xF1", r"\xF2", r"\xF3", r"\xF4", r"\xF5", r"\xF6", r"\xF7",
r"\xF8", r"\xF9", r"\xFA", r"\xFB", r"\xFC", r"\xFD", r"\xFE", r"\xFF",
];
TABLE[byte as usize]
}
}
impl From<u8> for Literal {
/// Map from a `u8` to a String literal of debug escape code.
///
/// Debug escapes can be hex escapes (`\xFF`), control character escapes
/// (`\e`), or escape sequences for debug printing (`\"` or `\\`).
///
/// Printable ASCII characters that are not escape sequences are passed
/// through untouched.
#[inline]
fn from(byte: u8) -> Self {
let escape = Self::debug_escape(byte);
Self(escape.as_bytes().iter())
}
}
impl Iterator for Literal {
type Item = char;
#[inline]
fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
self.0.next().map(|&byte| byte as char)
}
#[inline]
fn nth(&mut self, n: usize) -> Option<Self::Item> {
self.0.nth(n).map(|&byte| byte as char)
}
#[inline]
fn count(self) -> usize {
self.0.count()
}
#[inline]
fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
self.0.size_hint()
}
#[inline]
fn last(self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
self.0.last().map(|&byte| byte as char)
}
}
impl DoubleEndedIterator for Literal {
#[inline]
fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
self.0.next_back().map(|&byte| byte as char)
}
#[inline]
fn nth_back(&mut self, n: usize) -> Option<Self::Item> {
self.0.nth_back(n).map(|&byte| byte as char)
}
}
impl FusedIterator for Literal {}
/// Error that indicates a [`InvalidUtf8ByteSequence`] could not be constructed
/// because the byte sequence contained more than three bytes.
///
/// This crate decodes conventionally UTF-8 binary strings with the
/// "substitution of maximal subparts" strategy, which at most will return
/// invalid byte sequences with length 3.
///
/// This error is fatal and indicates a bug in a library this crate depends on.
#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Copy, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
pub struct ByteSequenceTooLongError {
_private: (),
}
impl ByteSequenceTooLongError {
/// Construct a new `ByteSequenceTooLongError`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::ByteSequenceTooLongError;
/// const ERR: ByteSequenceTooLongError = ByteSequenceTooLongError::new();
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub const fn new() -> Self {
Self { _private: () }
}
/// Retrieve the error message associated with this byte sequence too long
/// error.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::ByteSequenceTooLongError;
/// let err = ByteSequenceTooLongError::new();
/// assert_eq!(
/// err.message(),
/// "Invalid UTF-8 byte literal sequences can be at most three bytes long"
/// );
/// ```
#[inline]
#[must_use]
pub const fn message(self) -> &'static str {
"Invalid UTF-8 byte literal sequences can be at most three bytes long"
}
}
impl fmt::Display for ByteSequenceTooLongError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_str(const { ByteSequenceTooLongError::new().message() })
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl std::error::Error for ByteSequenceTooLongError {}
/// Iterator of Ruby debug escape sequences for a contiguous invalid UTF-8 byte
/// sequence.
///
/// This iterator's item type is [`char`].
///
/// Non-printable bytes like `0xFF` or `0x0C` are escaped to `\xFF` or `\f`.
///
/// # Usage notes
///
/// This iterator assumes it is constructed with invalid UTF-8 bytes and will
/// always escape all bytes given to it.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// The bytes `\xF0\x9D\x9C` could lead to a valid UTF-8 sequence, but 3 of them
/// on their own are invalid. All of these bytes should be hex escaped.
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::InvalidUtf8ByteSequence;
/// let invalid_byte_sequence = &b"\xF0\x9D\x9C"[..];
/// let iter = InvalidUtf8ByteSequence::try_from(invalid_byte_sequence).unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(iter.collect::<String>(), r"\xF0\x9D\x9C");
/// ```
#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone)]
#[must_use = "this `InvalidUtf8ByteSequence` is an `Iterator`, which should be consumed if constructed"]
pub struct InvalidUtf8ByteSequence {
one: Option<Literal>,
two: Option<Literal>,
three: Option<Literal>,
}
impl InvalidUtf8ByteSequence {
/// Construct a new, empty invalid UTF-8 byte sequence iterator.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::InvalidUtf8ByteSequence;
/// let iter = InvalidUtf8ByteSequence::new();
/// assert_eq!(iter.count(), 0);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub const fn new() -> Self {
Self {
one: None,
two: None,
three: None,
}
}
/// Construct a new, invalid UTF-8 byte sequence iterator with a single
/// invalid byte.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::InvalidUtf8ByteSequence;
/// let iter = InvalidUtf8ByteSequence::with_byte(0xFF);
/// assert_eq!(iter.collect::<String>(), r"\xFF");
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn with_byte(byte: u8) -> Self {
Self {
one: Some(Literal::from(byte)),
two: None,
three: None,
}
}
/// Construct a new, invalid UTF-8 byte sequence iterator with two
/// consecutive invalid bytes.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::InvalidUtf8ByteSequence;
/// let iter = InvalidUtf8ByteSequence::with_two_bytes(0xE2, 0x98);
/// assert_eq!(iter.collect::<String>(), r"\xE2\x98");
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn with_two_bytes(left: u8, right: u8) -> Self {
Self {
one: Some(Literal::from(left)),
two: Some(Literal::from(right)),
three: None,
}
}
/// Construct a new, invalid UTF-8 byte sequence iterator with three
/// consecutive invalid bytes.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use scolapasta_string_escape::InvalidUtf8ByteSequence;
/// let iter = InvalidUtf8ByteSequence::with_three_bytes(0xF0, 0x9D, 0x9C);
/// assert_eq!(iter.collect::<String>(), r"\xF0\x9D\x9C");
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn with_three_bytes(left: u8, mid: u8, right: u8) -> Self {
Self {
one: Some(Literal::from(left)),
two: Some(Literal::from(mid)),
three: Some(Literal::from(right)),
}
}
}
impl<'a> TryFrom<&'a [u8]> for InvalidUtf8ByteSequence {
type Error = ByteSequenceTooLongError;
#[inline]
fn try_from(bytes: &'a [u8]) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
match *bytes {
[] => Ok(Self::new()),
[byte] => Ok(Self::with_byte(byte)),
[left, right] => Ok(Self::with_two_bytes(left, right)),
[left, mid, right] => Ok(Self::with_three_bytes(left, mid, right)),
_ => Err(ByteSequenceTooLongError::new()),
}
}
}
impl Iterator for InvalidUtf8ByteSequence {
type Item = char;
#[inline]
fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
self.one
.as_mut()
.and_then(Iterator::next)
.or_else(|| self.two.as_mut().and_then(Iterator::next))
.or_else(|| self.three.as_mut().and_then(Iterator::next))
}
}
impl DoubleEndedIterator for InvalidUtf8ByteSequence {
fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
self.three
.as_mut()
.and_then(DoubleEndedIterator::next_back)
.or_else(|| self.two.as_mut().and_then(DoubleEndedIterator::next_back))
.or_else(|| self.one.as_mut().and_then(DoubleEndedIterator::next_back))
}
}
impl FusedIterator for InvalidUtf8ByteSequence {}
/// Generation:
///
/// ```ruby
/// pairs = (0x00..0xFF).to_a.map {|ch| ["0x#{ch.to_s(16).upcase}_u8", "r#{[ch].pack('c*').inspect}"]}
/// puts "let test_cases = [#{pairs.map {|a, b| "#{b}"}.join ", "}];"
/// ```
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use alloc::string::String;
use super::Literal;
#[test]
fn exhaustive() {
#[rustfmt::skip]
let test_cases = (u8::MIN..=u8::MAX).zip(
[
r"\x00", r"\x01", r"\x02", r"\x03", r"\x04", r"\x05", r"\x06", r"\a",
r"\b", r"\t", r"\n", r"\v", r"\f", r"\r", r"\x0E", r"\x0F",
r"\x10", r"\x11", r"\x12", r"\x13", r"\x14", r"\x15", r"\x16", r"\x17",
r"\x18", r"\x19", r"\x1A", r"\e", r"\x1C", r"\x1D", r"\x1E", r"\x1F",
" ", "!", r#"\""#, "#", "$", "%", "&", "'",
"(", ")", "*", "+", ",", "-", ".", "/",
"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7",
"8", "9", ":", ";", "<", "=", ">", "?",
"@", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G",
"H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O",
"P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W",
"X", "Y", "Z", "[", r"\\", "]", "^", "_",
"`", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g",
"h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o",
"p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w",
"x", "y", "z", "{", "|", "}", "~", r"\x7F",
r"\x80", r"\x81", r"\x82", r"\x83", r"\x84", r"\x85", r"\x86", r"\x87",
r"\x88", r"\x89", r"\x8A", r"\x8B", r"\x8C", r"\x8D", r"\x8E", r"\x8F",
r"\x90", r"\x91", r"\x92", r"\x93", r"\x94", r"\x95", r"\x96", r"\x97",
r"\x98", r"\x99", r"\x9A", r"\x9B", r"\x9C", r"\x9D", r"\x9E", r"\x9F",
r"\xA0", r"\xA1", r"\xA2", r"\xA3", r"\xA4", r"\xA5", r"\xA6", r"\xA7",
r"\xA8", r"\xA9", r"\xAA", r"\xAB", r"\xAC", r"\xAD", r"\xAE", r"\xAF",
r"\xB0", r"\xB1", r"\xB2", r"\xB3", r"\xB4", r"\xB5", r"\xB6", r"\xB7",
r"\xB8", r"\xB9", r"\xBA", r"\xBB", r"\xBC", r"\xBD", r"\xBE", r"\xBF",
r"\xC0", r"\xC1", r"\xC2", r"\xC3", r"\xC4", r"\xC5", r"\xC6", r"\xC7",
r"\xC8", r"\xC9", r"\xCA", r"\xCB", r"\xCC", r"\xCD", r"\xCE", r"\xCF",
r"\xD0", r"\xD1", r"\xD2", r"\xD3", r"\xD4", r"\xD5", r"\xD6", r"\xD7",
r"\xD8", r"\xD9", r"\xDA", r"\xDB", r"\xDC", r"\xDD", r"\xDE", r"\xDF",
r"\xE0", r"\xE1", r"\xE2", r"\xE3", r"\xE4", r"\xE5", r"\xE6", r"\xE7",
r"\xE8", r"\xE9", r"\xEA", r"\xEB", r"\xEC", r"\xED", r"\xEE", r"\xEF",
r"\xF0", r"\xF1", r"\xF2", r"\xF3", r"\xF4", r"\xF5", r"\xF6", r"\xF7",
r"\xF8", r"\xF9", r"\xFA", r"\xFB", r"\xFC", r"\xFD", r"\xFE", r"\xFF",
]
);
for (byte, literal) in test_cases {
let iter = Literal::from(byte);
assert_eq!(
iter.collect::<String>(),
literal,
"tested byte {byte}, expected {literal}"
);
}
}
}